Resources · The Quebec pathway

Who does what: autism professionals in Quebec, explained

6 min · Evidence: official · Updated September 3, 2026 · next review in 6 months

In Quebec only physicians and psychologists (including neuropsychologists) can sign an autism diagnosis. Everyone else assesses a piece of the picture or delivers support. Knock on the CLSC's door first for services and on your family doctor's door for the referral; do not spend months waiting on the wrong specialist.

Families lose months contacting the wrong door. A parent calls three neuropsychologists for a 2-year-old, waits on a child psychiatrist for something a CLSC could have started, or expects the daycare's special educator to "give the diagnosis". This page sorts the titles you will hear in Quebec into three questions: who can sign, who assesses a piece, who supports.

Who can sign an autism diagnosis in Quebec

Two professions: physicians and psychologists. The Fédération québécoise de l'autisme states that physicians and psychologists can conclude that an autism spectrum disorder is present, often working with a multidisciplinary team. Autisme Montréal puts it as psychiatrists and specialized psychologists. official A neuropsychologist is a psychologist with extra training, so they count. A speech-language pathologist or occupational therapist does not sign the diagnosis, however expert they are.

That single fact answers most "which door" questions. If you need the diagnosis, you need a physician or a psychologist. Everyone else is the team around them or the support after.

The table

Title (French)What they do for your childCan they diagnose autism?Public or privateKnock here when
Family doctor or pediatrician (médecin de famille, pédiatre)First conversation, developmental check, referral to CLSC and hospitalYes, in principle; most refer to a specialized teamPublic (RAMQ)First. You need the referral documented.
Developmental pediatrician (pédiatre du développement)Medical assessment of development, co-occurring conditions, sometimes leads the teamYesMostly public, long waitsThe hospital team assigns them; you rarely choose.
Child psychiatrist (pédopsychiatre)Diagnosis, medication for co-occurring conditions such as ADHD, anxiety, sleepYesPublic, some privateComplex picture, older child, medication questions.
Psychologist (psychologue)Autism assessment with standardized tools, report, recommendations; some do therapyYesPublic (hospital, CLSC) and privateMost private assessments. Ask about early-childhood experience.
Neuropsychologist (neuropsychologue)Same as above plus cognitive testing: attention, memory, reasoning, learningYesMostly private, some hospitalSchool-age, ADHD or learning questions, mixed profile.
Speech-language pathologist (orthophoniste)Language, social communication, AAC, feedingNo, contributes to the assessmentCLSC, hospital, CPE consultants, privateAny language or communication concern. Start early.
Occupational therapist (ergothérapeute)Sensory processing, motor skills, daily routines, playNo, contributesCLSC, CIUSSS rehab, privateSensory, feeding, dressing, sleep-routine challenges.
Psychoeducator (psychoéducateur)Behaviour and adaptation in daily settings, parent coaching, routinesNoCLSC, CIUSSS, school, privateMeltdowns, transitions, daycare or home routines.
Special education technician (TES, technicien en éducation spécialisée)Hands-on support in CPE or class, visual schedules, applying the planNoCPE, schoolThe person beside your child every day. Ask what they need from you.
Social worker (travailleur social)Navigation, family support, respite, Family Support Program, formsNoCLSC, CIUSSSMoney, respite, paperwork, feeling lost. Often your case manager.

Public wait times differ wildly across these doors. Autisme Montréal reports 6 to 24 months for public hospital autism assessment. official The CLSC's own services (Agir tôt, early stimulation, SLP or OT screening) usually move faster than the diagnostic hospital queue, and do not wait for the label. See Waiting is not wait-and-see.

Which door first, by situation

Child under 3, you are worried, no referral yet. Family doctor or pediatrician for the referral, CLSC the same week for Agir tôt. Do not start with a neuropsychologist; a psychologist experienced with toddlers is the right private option if you go that way.

Referral made, waiting. CLSC social worker or intake nurse becomes your most useful contact. Ask them to name your case manager. Add an SLP if language is the main worry, an OT if sensory or feeding is.

Report in hand. The CLSC or CIUSSS access desk (guichet d'accès DI-TSA-DP) for specialized services, the CPE director for support in the room, and at age 4 or 5 the school's direction for the plan d'intervention. See Agir tôt, CLSC, CPE and school.

Forms. For the Retraite Québec Supplement for Handicapped Children, the professional's part is completed by "the professional (physician, physiotherapist, occupational therapist, etc.) who has assessed or treated your child and is most familiar with the child's condition". For the federal Disability Tax Credit, medical doctors and nurse practitioners can certify any category, and psychologists can certify mental functions. official So the person who knows your child best, not the most senior title, is the one to ask.

What each professional needs from you

  • A dated one-page summary: what you see, since when, what helps. Bring it to every door.
  • Videos on your phone of the thing you cannot describe in words.
  • The daycare's observations, in writing if possible.
  • Your questions, written down. See What to say to your doctor.

A note on private titles

Private clinics advertise "consultants", "coaches", "behaviour specialists" and "interventionists". Those are not protected titles in Quebec. The protected ones on the table above belong to professional orders you can look up: the Ordre des psychologues, the Ordre des orthophonistes et audiologistes, the Ordre des ergothérapeutes, the Ordre des psychoéducateurs. If someone offers to "assess" your child, ask which order they belong to and whether their report will be accepted by the CLSC, the school and Retraite Québec.

This week

  • Write the one-page summary and save it on your phone.
  • Identify which door your family actually needs next: referral, CLSC services, CPE support, or forms.
  • If you are calling a private professional, ask "Which order are you a member of, and will your report be accepted by the CLSC and the school?"

Sources

Questions parents ask

Who can diagnose autism in Quebec?
Physicians and psychologists. That includes pediatricians, developmental pediatricians, child psychiatrists, psychologists and neuropsychologists. Speech-language pathologists, occupational therapists and psychoeducators evaluate their own domain and contribute to the assessment, but they cannot conclude an autism diagnosis on their own.
Do I need a neuropsychologist or a psychologist for an autism assessment?
Either can diagnose autism in Quebec. A neuropsychologist adds detailed testing of attention, memory and reasoning, which matters more for school-age children or when ADHD or learning questions are on the table. For a toddler, a psychologist experienced in early autism assessment is usually enough.
What is the difference between an orthophoniste and an ergothérapeute?
An orthophoniste is a speech-language pathologist: language, communication, feeding and swallowing. An ergothérapeute is an occupational therapist: sensory processing, fine motor skills, daily routines such as dressing and eating, and play. Many young autistic children see both.

Part of: We're waiting for an assessment · We just got a diagnosis · plain markdown ·

This page explains; it does not diagnose or replace your clinician. Services, wait times, prices and benefit amounts change: confirm on the official page before acting. Found an error? Tell us and we will correct it publicly.